Website: https://vjfc.nifc.gov.vn/
Website: https://vjfc.nifc.gov.vn/
Sự hiện diện của vi khuẩn Escherichia coli (E. coli) trên các bề mặt tiếp xúc với thực phẩm có thể là nguy cơ gây mất an toàn thực phẩm, ảnh hưởng đến sức khỏe cộng đồng. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm xác định tỷ lệ nhiễm, đặc tính kháng kháng sinh và sự phân bố một số gen độc lực của E. coli được phân lập từ mặt bàn bán thịt lợn tại các chợ truyền thống thuộc huyện Gia Lâm, Hà Nội. Kết quả cho thấy 50% (20/40) mẫu swab mặt bàn có sự hiện diện của E. coli, 100% (20/20) mẫu dương tính có mật độ vi khuẩn vượt ngưỡng tiêu chuẩn (< 1 CFU/cm²). Kiểm tra đặc tính kháng kháng sinh cho thấy các chủng E. coli có khả năng kháng cao nhất đối với tetracycline là 75%, tiếp theo là ampicillin, streptomycin và sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim đều ở mức 70%. Đáng chú ý, kết quả PCR chỉ ghi nhận 1 chủng (5%) mang gen stx2 và 1 chủng (5%) mang gen eae, trong khi các gen độc lực khác như stx1 và ehxA hoặc gen huyết thanh đặc trưng liên quan đến STEC không được phát hiện.
E. coli, kháng kháng sinh, gen độc lực, bàn bán thịt lợn.
[1]. D. Grace, “Food safety in low and middle income countries,” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 12, no. 9, pp. 10490–10507, 2015.
[2]. J. J. Carrique-Mas and J. E. Bryant, “A review of foodborne bacterial and parasitic zoonoses in Vietnam,” EcoHealth, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 465–489, 2013.
[3]. N. T. D. Nga et al., “Household pork consumption behaviour in Vietnam: Implications for pro-smallholder pig value chain upgrading,” International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya, Project Report, 2015.
[4]. T. T. H. Le et al., “Food safety knowledge, needed and trusted information of pork consumers in different retail types in Northern Vietnam,” Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, vol. 6, p. 1063927, 2022.
[5]. F. Prestinaci, P. Pezzotti, and A. Pantosti, “Antimicrobial resistance: A global multifaceted phenomenon,” Pathogens and Global Health, vol. 109, no. 7, pp. 309–318, 2015.
[6]. H. M. Duc et al., “Antibiotic resistance ability of Escherichia coli isolated from pork and chicken meat at retail markets in Gia Lam district, Hanoi,” Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology, vol. XXIX, no. 6, pp. 41–47, 2022.
[7]. H. M. Duc, C. T. T. Ha, T. T. K. Hoa, L. Van Hung, N. Van Thang, and H. M. Son, “Prevalence, molecular characterization, and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli isolated from raw beef, pork, and chicken meat in Vietnam,” Foods, vol. 13, no. 13, p. 2059, 2024.
[8]. M. A. Sebsibe and E. T. Asfaw, “Occurrence of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in meat and swab samples of various contact surfaces at abattoir and butcher shops in Jimma town, southwest district of Ethiopia,” Infection and Drug Resistance, vol. 13, pp. 3853–3862, 2020.
[9]. A. F. Beyi et al., “Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli O157 in beef at butcher shops and restaurants in central Ethiopia,” BMC Microbiology, vol. 17, no. 1, p. 49, 2017.
[10]. National Standard TCVN 8129:2009 (ISO 18593:2004) Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal methods for sampling techniques from surfaces using contact plates and swabs, Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam, 2009. [Online]. Available: https://caselaw.vn/van-ban-phap-luat/253512-tieu-chuan-quoc-gia-tcvn-8129-2009-iso-18593-2004-ve-vi-sinh-vat-trong-thuc-pham-va-thuc-an-chan-nuoi-phuong-phap-lay-mau-be-mat-su-dung-dia-tiep-xuc-va-lau-be-mat-nam-2009
[11]. C. Zhao et al., “Prevalence of Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli, and Salmonella Serovars in Retail Chicken, Turkey, Pork, and Beef from the Greater Washington, D.C., Area,” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol. 67, no. 12, pp. 5431–5436, 2001.
[12]. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, 31st ed., CLSI supplement M100. Wayne, PA, USA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, 2021.
[13]. J. Bai, X. Shi, and T. G. Nagaraja, “A multiplex PCR procedure for the detection of six major virulence genes in Escherichia coli O157:H7,” Journal of Microbiological Methods, vol. 82, no. 1, pp. 85–89, 2010.
[14]. J. Bai, Z. D. Paddock, X. Shi, S. Li, B. An, and T. G. Nagaraja, “Applicability of a multiplex PCR to detect the seven major Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli based on genes that code for serogroup-specific O-antigens and major virulence factors in cattle feces,” Foodborne Pathogens and Disease, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 541–548, 2012.
[15]. L. H. Phong, V. M. Chau, N. M. Hieu, N. T. Thi, N. T. K. Cuc, and B. T. D. Hang, “Survey on the prevalence of Escherichia coli, Salmonella and residues of some antibiotics in pork and chicken in some provinces in the Western South of Vietnam,” Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology, vol. 16, no. 7, pp. 47–54, 2019.
[16]. L. M. Duc et al., “Assessment of microbial contamination levels in pork sold at some markets in Hue City,” Journal of Agriculture, Science and Technology, Hue University of Agriculture and Forestry, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 3814–3821, 2023.
[17]. C. L. Little and S. K. Sagoo, “Evaluation of the hygiene of ready-to-eat food preparation areas and practices in mobile food vendors in the UK,” International Journal of Environmental Health Research, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 431–443, 2009.
[18]. M. A. Bukhari et al., “Assessment of microbiological quality of food preparation process in some restaurants of Makkah city,” Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, vol. 28, no. 10, pp. 5993–5997, 2021.
[19]. M. A. Sebsibe and E. T. Asfaw, “Occurrence of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in meat and swab samples of various contact surfaces at abattoir and butcher shops in Jimma town, southwest district of Ethiopia,” Infection and Drug Resistance, vol. 13, pp. 3853–3862, 2020.
[20]. M. M. S. Coelho et al., “Escherichia coli and Enterobacteriaceae Counts, Virulence Gene Profile, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Biofilm Formation Capacity during Pig Slaughter Stages,” Life, vol. 14, no. 10, p. 1261, 2024.
[21]. A. N. da C. E. Sampaio et al., “Escherichia coli Occurrence and Antimicrobial Resistance in a Swine Slaughtering Process,” Pathogens, vol. 13, no. 10, p. 912, 2024.
[22]. H. Li et al., “Prevalence of Escherichia coli and Antibiotic Resistance in Animal-Derived Food Samples - Six Districts, Beijing, China, 2020,” China CDC Weekly, vol. 3, no. 47, pp. 999–1004, 2021.
[23]. B. Li, H. Liu, and W. Wang, “Multiplex real-time PCR assay for detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and screening for non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli,” BMC Microbiology, vol. 17, no. 1, p. 215, 2017.
[24]. H. M. Duc, C. T. T. Ha, T. T. K. Hoa, and H. M. Son, “Detection of virulence genes (stx1, stx2, eae, ehxA) and antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from meat,” Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 606–614, 2024.