Website: https://vjfc.nifc.gov.vn/
Website: https://vjfc.nifc.gov.vn/
Nghiên cứu phân tích xu hướng kháng và đặc điểm kiểu gene kháng kháng sinh của vi khuẩn Salmonella phân lập được từ thịt lợn tại chợ truyền thống Hà Nội năm 2018 và 2023. Kết quả cho thấy có sự gia tăng đáng kể về tỷ lệ kháng ceftazidime (2,4% và 10,2%) và amoxicillin/acid clavulanic (0% và 35,6%) sau 5 năm. Vi khuẩn Salmonella spp. phân lập năm 2018 và 2023 kháng cao nhất với tetracycline (83,3% và 79,7%), sulfonamide (78,6% và 83,1%), ampicillin (71,4% và 67,8%), và mẫn cảm hoàn toàn với imipenem và norfloxacin. Sự thay đổi về khả năng kháng kháng sinh này giữa các chủng phân lập 2018 và 2023 không có ý nghĩa thống kê. Nghiên cứu đã xác định được 2/110 (1,98%) chủng Salmonella kháng colistin, trong đó chủng phân lập năm 2018 mang gene mcr1, chủng phân lập năm 2023 mang gene mcr3. Ngoài ra, chúng tôi thấy 7 chủng Salmonella có kiểu hình sinh ESBL, trong đó 6/59 (10,2%) chủng phân lập năm 2018 và 1/42 (2,4%) chủng phân lập năm 2023. Trong đó, 5 chủng mang gene blaCTX-M, 2 chủng mang đồng thời gene blaCTX-M và blaTEM, không có chủng nào mang gene blaSHV. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy sự cần thiết phải tăng cường quản lý và giám sát tình trạng kháng sinh để hạn chế tỷ lệ kháng và sự lây lan các chủng vi khuẩn kháng thuốc.
Salmonella, kháng kháng sinh, thịt lợn, chợ truyền thống, Hà Nội
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