English Ivy or Hedera Helix is a multi-medicinal functioned plant in nature. Most coughmedicines in Vietnam were extracted from Ivy leaves because of its 5 main active components, in which 4 Saponins included Hederacoside C (predominance), α-Hederin, Hederacoside D, Hederasaponin B are responsible for eliminating congestion (breaking up the phlegm and mucus) and Flavonoid: Kaempferol 3-rutinoside plays the role of reducing inflammations [1]. This study aimed to develop a HPLC-PDA method to simultaneously and fast analyze these 5 compounds in materials and dietary supplements containing hedera helix extract in Vietnam market. After the simple preparation procedure, the analytes were separated by using a C18 column (150 mm × 4.6mm, 5 µm) as stationary phase, and a mixture of 0.1% phosphoric acid and acetonitrile as mobile phase. The detection and quantification were in PDA detector at 205 nm. The method validation followed AOAC criteria. The calibration curves in the range of 0.5 - 200 mg/L for 4 saponins and 0.1 - 100 mg/L for the flavonoid with high correlation coefficient (R2 > 0.9999). The MDL (0.03 - 0.15 mg/kg) and MQL (0.15 - 0.50 mg/kg); RSDr (%) for repeatability (1.01 - 3.90%) and RSDR reproducibility (1.25 - 6.89%); recoveries (91.3 - 106%) for 5 compounds satisfied the AOAC requirements. The method was applied successfully for determining the content of the analytes in 10 real samples including dried ivy extract powder, dried leaves, and some cough relief products purchased from markets in Hanoi. The levels of the 5 analytes were different in each sample in which Hederacoside C and α-Hederin account for the main proportions.
Hedera Helix, Saponins, Flavonoid, HPLC-PDA.
[1]. A. Khdair, M. K. Mohammad, K. Tawaha, E. Al-Hamarsheh, H. S. AlKhatib, B. Alkhalidi, Y. Bustanji, S. Najjar, and M. Hudaib, “A Validated RP HPLC-PAD Method for the Determination of Hederacoside C in Ivy-Thyme Cough Syrup,” International Journal of Analytical Chemistry, vol. 2010, pp. 1-5, 2010.
[2]. M. Yu, Y. J. S hin, N. Kim, G. Yoo, S. J. Park, and S. H. Kim, “Determination of Saponins and Flavonoids in Ivy leaf extracts using HPLC-DAD,” Journal of Chromatographic Science Advance, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 478-483, 2015.
[3]. N. Kim, Y. J. Shin, S. Park. G. Yoo, Y. J. Kim, H. H. Yoo, and S. H. Kim, “Simultaneous Determination of Six Compounds in Hedera helix L. Using UPLCESI–MS/MS,” Chromatographia, vol. 80, no. 7, pp. 1025-1033, 2017.
[4]. I. Bezruk, A. Kotvitska, I. Korzh, and A. Materiienko, “Combined approach to the choice of chromatographic methods for routine determination of hederacoside C in Ivy leaf extracts. capsules. and syrup,” Scientia Pharmaceutica, vol. 88, no. 2, 2020.
[5]. R. Shkreli and A. Tabaku, “Stability of Hederacoside C in Different Liquid Extracts by Using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography Method,” ICCBMS21, August 19-20, 2021. Conference Book, ISBN 978-600-98459-7-2, pp. 1-8, 2021.
[6]. L. Havlíková, K. Macáková, L. Opletal. and P. Solich, “Rapid Determination of α-Hederin and Hederacoside C in Extracts of Hedera helix Leaves Available in the Czech Republic and Poland,” Natural Product Communications, vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 8-10, 2015.
[7]. Y. Gaillard, P. Blaise, A. Darré, T. Barbier and G. Pépin, “An unusual case of death: Suffocation caused by leaves of common ivy (Hedera helix). Detection of hederacoside C, α-hederin and hederagenin by LC-EI/MS,” Journal of Analytical Toxicology, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 257-262, 2003.
[8]. Tran Cao Son, “Method validation and measurement uncertainty in chemistry testting,” Science and Technics Publishing House, 2021.